The carbonpriceRegi module defines a regional CO2eq tax markup pm_taxCO2eqRegi to satisfy netZero targets. The carbon price markup is interpolated linearly between the years with policy goals. It can be used jointly with the 45_carbonprice module and adds to the carbon price calculated there.
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| Description | Unit | A | B | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cm_LTSendYr | 46_carbonpriceRegi Year at which pm_taxCO2eqRegi drops to zero after having decreased linearly since the net-zero year | x | ||
| cm_LTSstartYr | 46_carbonpriceRegi First year activating a regional carbon price markup to reach net-zero targets (Long-Term Strategy) | x | ||
| cm_iteration_max | number of iterations, if optimization is set to negishi or testOneRegi; is overwritten in Nash mode, except if cm_nash_autoconverge is set to 0 | x | ||
| cm_multigasscen | scenario on GHG portfolio to be included in permit trading scheme | x | ||
| cm_netZeroPercent | 46_carbonpriceRegi Share of emissions allowed at the target year of a country with a net-zero target | \(1\) | x | |
| pm_emiLULUCF_GrassiShift (ttot, all_regi) |
difference between Magpie land-use change emissions and UNFCCC emissions in 2015 to correct for national accounting in emissions targets | \(GtC\) | x | |
| pm_emifac (tall, all_regi, all_enty, all_enty, all_te, all_enty) |
emission factor by technology for all types of energy-related emissions | \(GtC/TWa, Mt CH4/TWa, Mt N/TWa, Mt SO2/TWa, Mt BC/TWa, Mt OC/TWa\) | x | |
| pm_taxCO2eq (ttot, all_regi) |
CO2 tax path calculated in 45_carbonprice module [T$/GtC]. To get $/tCO2, multiply with 272 = 1 / sm_DptCO2_2_TDpGtC | x | ||
| pm_taxCO2eqSCC (ttot, all_regi) |
carbon tax component due to damages (social cost of carbon) | \(T\$/GtCeq\) | x | |
| sm_DptCO2_2_TDpGtC | convert \(/tCO2 to T\)/GtC: 44/12/1000 | x | ||
| sm_MtCO2_2_GtC | conversion factor from MtCO2 to native REMIND emission unit GtC | x | ||
| vm_co2eq (ttot, all_regi) |
total greenhouse gas emissions measured in co2 equivalents that are subject to carbon pricing, be aware that emissions coverage of this variable depends on switch cm_multigasscen | \(GtCeq\) | x | |
| vm_demFeSector (ttot, all_regi, all_enty, all_enty, emi_sectors, all_emiMkt) |
final energy demand per sector and emissions market, note: taxes should be applied to this variable or variables closer to the supply-side whenever possible so the marginal prices include the tax effects | \(TWa\) | x | |
| vm_emiCdr (ttot, all_regi, all_enty) |
total (negative) CO2 emissions from CDR technologies that are calculated in the CDR module. Note that it includes all atmospheric CO2 entering the CCUS chain (i.e. CO2 stored (CDR) AND used (not CDR)) | \(GtC\) | x | |
| vm_emiFgas (ttot, all_regi, all_enty) |
F-gas emissions by single gases from IMAGE | \(emiFgasTotal in MtCO2eq, for other units see f_emiFgas.cs4r\) | x | |
| vm_emiMac (ttot, all_regi, all_enty) |
total non-energy-related emission of each region. | \(GtC, Mt CH4, Mt N\) | x | |
| vm_emiTe (ttot, all_regi, all_enty) |
proxy of total energy-related emissions, based on vm_emiTeDetail and taking into account industry CCS, CCU and feedstocks note: not equivalent to Emi|CO2|Energy in reporting | \(GtC, Mt CH4, Mt N, Mt SO2, Mt BC, Mt OC\) | x |
| Description | Unit | |
|---|---|---|
| pm_taxCO2eqRegi (ttot, all_regi) |
Additional markup carbon in 46_carbonpriceRegi module to reach net-zero targets [T$/GtC]. Multiply by 272 to convert to $/tCO2. | |
| pm_taxCO2eqSum (ttot, all_regi) |
Total CO2 price including general trajectory (pm_taxCO2eq), regional markup (pm_taxCO2eqRegi) and social cost of carbon (pm_taxCO2eqSCC) [T\(/GtC]. Multiply by 272 to convert to\)/tCO2. |
This realization adds a regional CO2 tax markup to satisfy the
net-zero targets. The carbon price markup increases until the net-zero
year then decreases toward zero in 2200. This realization best combines
with a global CO2 trajectory defined in 45_carbonprice. Regional carbon
price markups (pm_taxCO2eqRegi) are adjusted through an iterative
feedback
to achieve net-zero emissions targets.
Limitations There are no known limitations.
Limitations There are no known limitations.
| Description | Unit | A | B | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| p46_emi_offset (all_regi) |
Allowed offset emissions in net-zero year | \(MtCO2eq/yr\) | x | |
| p46_emi_refRun (all_regi) |
Emissions in reference BAU run in the target year | \(MtCO2eq/yr\) | x | |
| p46_emi_refYr (all_regi) |
2025 reference emissions value for normalization of deviation from zero | \(MtCO2eq/yr\) | x | |
| p46_emi_targetYr (all_regi) |
Greenhouse gas or CO2 emissions in target year | \(MtCO2eq/yr\) | x | |
| p46_emi_targetYr_iter (iteration, ttot, all_regi) |
Track the changes of p46_emi_targetYr over the iterations | \(MtCO2eq/yr\) | x | |
| p46_factorRescaleCO2Tax (all_regi) |
Required change factor of overall tax rate to assure net-zero emission | \(1\) | x | |
| p46_iterDamping | Lower bound on the price rescaling to avoid oscillations and favour convergence, between 0.25 and 1 | x | ||
| p46_netZeroTargetCoverage (all_regi, ttot, targetSpecies) |
Coverage of emissions in net-zero targets for a given region, year and gas species | \(1\) | x | |
| p46_refRun_co2eq (ttot, all_regi) |
Container for input_bau values of co2eq | x | ||
| p46_refRun_emiCdr (ttot, all_regi, all_enty) |
Container for input_bau values of emiCdr | x | ||
| p46_refRun_emiFgas (ttot, all_regi, all_enty) |
Container for input_bau values of emiFgas | x | ||
| p46_refRun_emiMac (ttot, all_regi, all_enty) |
Container for input_bau values of emiMac | x | ||
| p46_refRun_emiTe (ttot, all_regi, all_enty) |
Container for input_bau values of emiTe | x | ||
| p46_startInIteration | First iteration to start adapting pm_taxCO2eqRegi | \(1\) | x | |
| p46_targetCoverage (all_regi) |
Share of the region that is covered by a net-zero target | \(1\) | x | |
| p46_targetDeviation (all_regi) |
Deviation from net-zero target rescaled to reference emission | \(1\) | x | |
| p46_taxCO2eqRegiPeak (all_regi) |
Peak value of the additional regional CO2 tax in target year, updated by the algorithm in module 46 | \(T\$/GtC\) | x | |
| p46_taxCO2eqRegi_iter (iteration, ttot, all_regi) |
Track regional CO2eq tax over iterations | \(T\$/GtC\) | x | |
| p46_taxCO2eq_iter (iteration, ttot, all_regi) |
Track general CO2eq tax over iterations | \(T\$/GtC\) | x |
| description | |
|---|---|
| LTSexcludeRegi(all_regi) | Regions for which net-zero targets are ignored |
| all_emiMkt | emission markets |
| all_enty | all types of quantities |
| all_regi | all regions |
| all_te | all energy technologies, including from modules |
| emi_sectors | comprehensive sector set used for more detailed emissions accounting (REMIND-EU) and for CH4 tier 1 scaling - potentially to be integrated with similar set all_exogEmi |
| enty(all_enty) | all types of quantities |
| iteration | iterator for main (Negishi/Nash) iterations |
| regi(all_regi) | all regions used in the solution process |
| se2fe(all_enty, all_enty, all_te) | map secondary energy to end-use energy using a technology |
| t(ttot) | optimisation time, years between cm_startyear and 2150 with 5 to 20 years time steps |
| tall | time index, each year from 1900 to 3000 |
| targetSpecies | Gases included in national net-zero targets |
| te(all_te) | energy technologies |
| ttot(tall) | time index with spin-up, years between 1900 and 2150 with 5 to 20 years time steps |
Rahel Mandaroux, Fabrice Lécuyer
02_welfare, 21_tax, 33_carbonRemoval, 47_regipol, 51_internalizeDamages, core