The 35_transport module calculates the transport demand composition as a part of the CES structure.
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| Description | Unit | A | |
|---|---|---|---|
| cm_startIter_EDGET | starting iteration of EDGE-T | x | |
| cm_startyear | first optimized modelling time step | \(year\) | x |
| pm_cesdata_sigma (ttot, all_in) |
elasticities of substitution. | x | |
| pm_cf (tall, all_regi, all_te) |
Installed capacity availability - capacity factor (fraction of the year that a plant is running) | x | |
| pm_esCapCost (tall, all_regi, all_teEs) |
Capital energy cost per unit of consumption for end-use capital (energy service layer) | x | |
| pm_fe2es (tall, all_regi, all_teEs) |
Conversion factor from final energies to energy services. Default is 1. | x | |
| pm_FEPrice (ttot, all_regi, all_enty, sector, emiMkt) |
parameter to capture all FE prices across sectors and markets | \(tr\$2005/TWa\) | x |
| pm_gdp (tall, all_regi) |
GDP data | \(trn US\$ 2005\) | x |
| pm_shFeCes (ttot, all_regi, all_enty, all_in, all_teEs) |
Final energy shares for CES nodes | x | |
| qm_budget (ttot, all_regi) |
Budget balance | x | |
| sm_eps | small number: 1e-9 | x | |
| vm_demFeForEs (ttot, all_regi, all_enty, all_esty, all_teEs) |
Final energy which will be used in the ES layer. | x | |
| vm_demFeSector_afterTax (ttot, all_regi, all_enty, all_enty, emi_sectors, all_emiMkt) |
fe demand per sector and emission market after tax. Demand sectors should use this variable in their fe balance equations so demand side marginals include taxes effects. | \(TWa\) | x |
| vm_prodEs (ttot, all_regi, all_enty, all_esty, all_teEs) |
Energy services (unit determined by conversion factor pm_fe2es). | x | |
| vm_transpGDPscale (ttot, all_regi) |
dampening factor to align edge-t non-energy transportation costs with historical GDP data | x |
Transport demand composition is calculated based on the EDGE-transport model. This realization allows the EDGE-transport model to interact with REMIND. EDGE is set to run in between iterations. EDGE runs every 5 iterations, to allow REMIND to stabilize in between. Transport structure is defined in detail in EDGE, and only aggregate values are then fed to REMIND. The CES transport branch has 2 nodes (passenger and freight transport) each divided into Short-Medium distance and Long distance options. The CES branch is in energy services units (passenger or ton km). Bunkers (Shipping and Internaitional Aviation) represent the Long distance CES leaves. Vehicles capacity addition is calculated in EDGE (REMIND has no vintage tracking).
Transportation Final Energy Balance
\[\begin{multline*} \sum_{\left(entySe,te\right)\$se2fe(entySe,entyFe,te)}\left( vm\_demFeSector\_afterTax(ttot,regi,entySe,entyFe,"trans",emiMkt) \right) = \sum_{fe2es(entyFe,esty,teEs)\$\left(NOT es\_lo35(esty)\right)} vm\_demFeForEs(ttot,regi,entyFe,esty,teEs)\$sameas(emiMkt,"ES")+ \sum_{fe2es(entyFe,esty,teEs)\$es\_lo35(esty)} vm\_demFeForEs(ttot,regi,entyFe,esty,teEs)\$sameas(emiMkt,"other") \end{multline*}\]
Calculating dampening factor to align edge-t non-energy transportation costs with historical GDP data
\[\begin{multline*} vm\_transpGDPscale(ttot,regi) \cdot \left(\sum\left(fe2es(entyFe,esty,teEs)\$entyFeTrans(entyFe), pm\_esCapCost("2005",regi,teEs) \cdot vm\_prodEs("2005",regi,entyFe,esty,teEs)\right)\right) = \left(p35\_transportGDPshare("2005",regi) \cdot pm\_gdp("2005",regi)\right) \end{multline*}\]
Limitations EDGE-transport runs in between iterations and is therefore not fully optimized.
| Description | Unit | A | |
|---|---|---|---|
| p35_cesdata_sigma (all_in) |
substitution elasticities | x | |
| p35_demByTech (tall, all_regi, all_GDPscen, all_demScen, EDGE_scenario_all, all_enty, all_in, all_teEs) |
Aggregate FE Demand per transport fuel technology | \(TWa\) | x |
| p35_esCapCost (tall, all_regi, all_GDPscen, all_demScen, EDGE_scenario_all, all_teEs) |
Capital costs for the transport system | \(\$/pkm or \$/tkm\) | x |
| p35_fe2es (tall, all_regi, all_GDPscen, all_demScen, EDGE_scenario_all, all_teEs) |
Aggregate energy efficiency of transport fuel technologies | \(trn pkm/Twa or trn tkm/Twa\) | x |
| p35_fe2es_aux (tall, all_regi, all_GDPscen, all_demScen, EDGE_scenario_all, all_teEs) |
Aggregate energy efficiency of transport fuel technologies | \(trn pkm/Twa or trn tkm/Twa\) | x |
| p35_shFeCes (tall, all_regi, all_GDPscen, all_demScen, EDGE_scenario_all, all_enty, all_in, all_teEs) |
Shares of fuels by CES node | x | |
| p35_transportGDPshare (ttot, all_regi) |
transportation share in GDP | \(percentage\) | x |
| q35_demFeTrans (ttot, all_regi, all_enty, all_emiMkt) |
Transport final energy demand | x | |
| q35_transGDPshare (ttot, all_regi) |
Calculating dampening factor to align edge-t non-energy transportation costs with historical GDP data | x |
| description | |
|---|---|
| all_demScen | all possible demand scenarios |
| all_emiMkt | emission markets |
| all_enty | all types of quantities |
| all_esty | energy services |
| all_GDPscen | all possible GDP scenarios |
| all_in | all inputs and outputs of the CES function |
| all_regi | all regions |
| all_te | all energy technologies, including from modules |
| all_teEs | energy service technologies |
| ces_transport_dyn35(all_in, all_in) | CES tree structure - edge transport |
| cesOut2cesIn(all_in, all_in) | CES tree structure |
| cm_GDPscen | cm_GDPscen as set for use in GDX |
| EDGE_scenario_all | EDGE-T scenarios |
| EDGE_scenario(EDGE_scenario_all) | Selected EDGE-T scenario |
| emi_sectors | comprehensive sector set used for more detailed emissions accounting (REMIND-EU) and for CH4 tier 1 scaling - potentially to be integrated with similar set all_exogEmi |
| entyFe(all_enty) | final energy types. |
| entyFe2Sector(all_enty, emi_sectors) | final energy (stationary and transportation) mapping to sectors (industry, buildings, transportation and cdr) |
| entyFeTrans(all_enty) | final energy types from transport sector |
| entySe(all_enty) | secondary energy types |
| es_lo35(all_esty) | energy services long distance (bunkers) |
| es2ppfen_dyn35(all_esty, all_in) | matching ES to ppfEn in MACRO |
| es2ppfen(all_esty, all_in) | matching ES in ESM to ppfEn in MACRO |
| esty_dyn35(all_esty) | Energy service types |
| esty(all_esty) | energy service types. Have to be added by modules. |
| fe_transport_liquids_dyn35(all_enty) | liquids used by the transport module |
| fe2ces_dyn35(all_enty, all_in, all_teEs) | map FE carriers to CES nodes via appliances |
| fe2es_dyn35(all_enty, all_esty, all_teEs) | map FE carriers to ES via appliances |
| fe2es(all_enty, all_esty, all_teEs) | map FE carriers to ES via ES technologies |
| in_dyn35(all_in) | all inputs and outputs of the CES function - transport module additions |
| in(all_in) | All inputs and outputs of the CES function |
| iteration | iterator for main (Negishi/Nash) iterations |
| modules | all the available modules |
| ppfen_dyn35(all_in) | all energy input nodes - transport module additions |
| ppfEn(all_in) | Primary production factors energy |
| regi(all_regi) | all regions used in the solution process |
| se2fe(all_enty, all_enty, all_te) | map secondary energy to end-use energy using a technology |
| t(ttot) | optimisation time, years between cm_startyear and 2150 with 5 to 20 years time steps |
| tall | time index, each year from 1900 to 3000 |
| te(all_te) | energy technologies |
| teEs_dyn35(all_teEs) | technologies - transport module additions |
| teEs(all_teEs) | ES technologies which are actually used (to be filled by module realizations). |
| ttot(tall) | time index with spin-up, years between 1900 and 2150 with 5 to 20 years time steps |
Alois Dirnaichner, Robert Pietzcker, Marianna Rottoli