The biodiversity module estimates how the changes in land pools affect terrestrial biodiversity. It requires information about the land area of the different land pools provided by all land modules (30_crop, 31_past, 32_forestry, 34_urban and 35_natveg), as well as module 10_land about the potential natural vegetation.
| Description | Unit | |
|---|---|---|
| fm_bii_coeff (bii_class44, potnatveg) |
bii coeff | \(unitless\) |
| vm_bv (j, landcover44, potnatveg) |
biodiversity value for all land cover classes (unweighted) | \(Mha\) |
| vm_cost_bv_loss (j) |
biodiversity value loss cost | \(10^6 USD\) |
In this realisation biodiversity values are computed for each land cover type. The calculations are based on the Biodiversity Intactness Index (BII). BII values for each land cover type are multiplied by the respective land area and are weighted by cluster-specific range-rarity. This realisation also allows to introduce costs on the loss of the total biodiversity value.
The constraint q44_cost_bv_loss(j2) allows to introduce a price on biodiversity value loss. The total biodiversity value difference in each cluster is multiplied with a cost factor.
\[\begin{multline*} vm\_cost\_bv\_loss(j2) = v44\_bv\_loss(j2) \cdot \sum_{ct} p44\_price\_bv\_loss(ct) \end{multline*}\]
The sum of biodiversity value loss in each cluster.
\[\begin{multline*} v44\_bv\_loss(j2) = \sum_{landcover44} v44\_diff\_bv\_landcover(j2,landcover44) \end{multline*}\]
The difference of the biodiversity value for each land cover type.
\[\begin{multline*} v44\_diff\_bv\_landcover(j2,landcover44) = pc44\_bv\_weighted(j2,landcover44) - v44\_bv\_weighted(j2,landcover44) \end{multline*}\]
Biodiversity values of each land cover type are weighted by range-rarity (f44_rr_layer)
\[\begin{multline*} v44\_bv\_weighted(j2,landcover44) = f44\_rr\_layer(j2) \cdot \sum_{potnatveg} vm\_bv(j2,landcover44,potnatveg) \end{multline*}\]
Limitations There are no known limitations.
| Description | Unit | A | |
|---|---|---|---|
| f44_price_bv_loss (t_all, price_biodiv44) |
price biodiv loss | \(USD/ha of biodiversity value loss\) | x |
| f44_rr_layer (j) |
range rarity layer | \(unitless\) | x |
| p44_price_bv_loss (t) |
biodiversity value loss price factor | \(USD/ha of bv loss\) | x |
| pc44_bv_weighted (j, landcover44) |
Current range rarity weighted bii | \(Mha\) | x |
| pc44_price_bv_loss | biodiversity value loss price factor | \(USD/ha of bv loss\) | x |
| q44_bv_loss (j) |
total biodiversity value loss constraint | \(Mha\) | x |
| q44_bv_weighted (j, landcover44) |
biodiversity value stock constraint | \(Mha\) | x |
| q44_cost_bv_loss (j) |
biodiversity value loss cost constraint | \(10^6 USD\) | x |
| q44_diff_bv_landcover (j, landcover44) |
biodiversity value loss constraint per land class | \(Mha\) | x |
| v44_bv_loss (j) |
total biodiversity value loss | \(Mha/time step\) | x |
| v44_bv_weighted (j, landcover44) |
range rarity weighted biodiversity value | \(Mha\) | x |
| v44_diff_bv_landcover (j, landcover44) |
difference of biodiversity value per land class | \(Mha/time step\) | x |
| description | |
|---|---|
| ac | Age classes |
| ac_to_bii_class_secd(ac, bii_class_secd) | Mapping between forest ageclasses and bii coefficent land cover classes |
| bii_class_secd(bii_class44) | bii coefficent land cover classes secondary vegetation |
| bii_class44 | bii coefficent land cover classes |
| ct(t) | Current time period |
| j | number of LPJ cells |
| j2(j) | Spatial Clusters (dynamic set) |
| land | Land pools |
| landcover44 | land cover classes used in bii calculation |
| potnatveg(luh2_side_layers10) | potentially forested biomes |
| price_biodiv44 | price paths biodiv loss |
| t_all(t_ext) | 5-year time periods |
| t(t_all) | Simulated time periods |
| type | GAMS variable attribute used for the output |
Patrick v. Jeetze, Florian Humpenöder
11_costs, 30_crop, 31_past, 32_forestry, 34_urban, 35_natveg